Thumela I-imeyili
Fastener izinkinga ezivamile kanye nokuhlaziywa
Izixhumi, ezaziwa nangokuthi izingxenye ezijwayelekile emakethe, ziyizingxenye zemishini ezingalungiswa ngomshini noma zihlanganiswe ndawonye ngezinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
1. Ungawaqinisa kanjani amabhawodi namantongomane
Izixhumanisi ezinezintambo neamabhawodi namantongomaneyizona ezivame kakhulu ekufakweni kwe-fastener, futhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okuxhuma, amantongomane okuzikhiya avame ukusetshenziswa, noma ukukhiya okungeziwe kwemishini kusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukukhululeka.Ukufakwa kwama-fasteners ane-threaded nakho kulula kakhulu, inqobo nje uma kukhona i-torque eyanele ukuze kuzuzwe amandla okuqinisa ngaphambili ku-interface, kodwa kusenabantu abaningi abangakaqiniseki ukuthi baqinise yini ngekhanda le-nut noma le-bolt.
(1) Ingabe i-torque kufanele ifakwe ekhanda lebhawodi noma inathi lapho kuqiniswa?
(2) faka i-torque ekhanda lebhawodi noma inathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kokubili kuwumphumela ofanayo?
Ayikho impendulo engaguquki, futhi kwezinye izimo kuyamukeleka ngokuphelele ukuqinisa ikhanda le-bolt ngenkathi ubambe inati endaweni. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuqinisa inathi kuwukuphela kwesimiso esinokwenzeka sokunquma ngokuya ngesicelo (i-projection bolt noma i-projection nut), ukwakheka komkhiqizo ngokwawo, kanye nezimo zempahla nokufaka.
1, ukuxhumana kokuphazamiseka
Emigodini yokufaka ukuphazamiseka, i-torque kufanele ifakwe ku-nati ukuze ifakwe.
2, ikhanda lebhawodi namantongomane anomumo nobubanzi obuhlukene
Uma ikhanda lebhawodi namantongomane anezimo ezihlukene (njengebhawodi lekhanda eliyihexagon elinamantongomane ayisikwele) noma amadayamitha ahluke kakhulu, kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa itorque ohlangothini oluncane lwendawo yokuthwala.Isibonelo, uma ikhanda lebhawodi lilincane kunenadi, itorque kufanele ifakwe ekhanda lebhawodi.Kungamane kuqondwe njengamandla amancane kanye nomthamo omkhulu.
3. Izinto ezahlukene
Uma izinto ezimbili ezihlukene zidinga ukuboshelwa ndawonye, kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa amandla okuqinisa entweni nge-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, okungukuthi, ukuqina kwe-torque ohlangothini olungase lukhiqize ukungqubuzana okuncane.
4, isicelo umshudo eside
Lapho i-torque isetshenziswa ekhanda lebhawodi ende kakhulu, inkinga yokuvuthwa kwe-torsional kulula kakhulu ukwenzeka, ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa i-torque ku-nati kulokhu kuzosiza ukugwema le nkinga.
Kukhona isicelo esinjalo sokuthi i-nati iyintongomane ene-flange, kodwa ikhanda le-bolt alikho, okungukuthi, i-radius ye-friction ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-nut inkulu kunaleyo ehlangothini lwekhanda le-bolt.
Uma i-torque yokuqinisa inqunywa lapho inathi izoqiniswa, khona-ke inkinga yokulayisha ngokweqile ingase yenzeke uma ikhanda lebhawodi liqiniswa kusetshenziswa leyo torque.Ngokuvamile, cishe uhhafu wetorque uyadingeka ukuze kunqotshwe ukungqubuzana ngaphansi kwendawo eqiniswayo, ngakho-ke irediyasi encane yokungqubuzana izobangela i-torque eyengeziwe ukuthi ingene ejoyintini elinentambo futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibangele izinkinga zokuqina ngokweqile.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi i-torque inqunywa ngokusho kokuqina kwekhanda le-bolt, uma i-nati iqinisiwe, okusho ukuthi, i-torque isetshenziswa ohlangothini olune-radius enkulu yokungqubuzana, okuzobangela ukulayisha kuqala okwanele ekuxhumekeni kwentambo yokufaka, futhi kungase kubangele izinkinga ezixekethile.
Kungani usebenzise amawasha?
(1) Uma into eyisisekelo ithambile kakhulu, ingaphezulu le-base plate material lizolimala ngesikhathi senqubo yokukrunjwa kubhawodi noma isikulufu.Ngokusebenzisa amawasha, le ngcindezi ye-extrusion ingasatshalaliswa endaweni enkulu, ukugwema ukulimala endaweni yepuleti likamama.
(2) Uma into eyisisekelo ithambile kakhulu, futhi imbobo ezungeze isibopheli sokufaka yonakalisiwe, khona-ke inkinga yokwehluleka ukudonsa ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokufihlwa kwesibophelelo, ngoba ezimweni eziningi, amandla asetshenziswa enqubweni yokuqinisa anele ukudonsa into yokubopha ngepuleti elingumzali, futhi ukuba khona kwewasha kusiza ukukhiqiza ingcindezi encane yokuqoqa.
(3) Uma ibhawodi noma isikulufu endaweni yepuleti likamama libushelelezi, liyisicaba, inhloko yesibambiso cishe izobhajwa, ngokusebenzisa amawasha, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ingaphezulu lebhawodi noma isikuludi sesilayidi futhi wenze ukufaka kube lula.
(4) Amanye amawasha anomklamo okhethekile wesakhiwo, ukuze abe nomsebenzi wokuvimbela ukuxega kwamantongomane.Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lwewashi silubiza ngokuthi iwasha yokukhiya, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamafomu esakhiwo, umlomo ovulekile, inkanyezi namagagasi nokunye.Lolu hlobo lwewasha lokukhiya ludinga ukusetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namantongomane.
Kungabonakala ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-washer yokukhiya eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile, yonke enye i-washer ivame ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngaphansi kwekhanda le-bolt kanye nobuso bamantongomane, okungukuthi, i-washer idlala indima yokusabalalisa umthwalo wesakhiwo sokuxhuma.
Isizathu sokuthi kungani ama-fasteners ane-threaded axege ngemva kokufakwa ngokuvamile kubangelwa umthwalo oguquguqukayo, ngoba kuzobangela ukushelela kwejoyinti, ngakho-ke sihlala sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokulayisha kuqala, ukulayisha kuqala okwanele kungagwema ngempumelelo inkinga yesilayidi esihlobene sokuhlangana, bese sigwema ukuvela kokuxekethile.Kodwa-ke, ekufakweni kwezibophelelo ezinezintambo, ukulawula ngempumelelo ukulayisha kuqala kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu, noma ngabe ukucaciswa kwentambo namathuluzi okufaka kungashintshile, opharetha abahlukene bangase futhi babangele inkinga yokungalayishwa kusengaphambili okwanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikwazi ukukuziba ukuthi lapho i-washer ifakiwe, i-washer ayigcinwa igxilile, ingashintshwa eduze kwe-axis ye-fastener ene-threaded, futhi lokhu kuzothinta ngokuqinisekile i-torque yokufaka, bese kuthinta amandla okulayisha kuqala.
Eminyakeni yamuva, ukusetshenziswa kwe-flange fasteners kuye kwanda kancane kancane, ngoba i-flange nayo inamandla okusabalalisa amandla omthwalo ngokunengqondo, futhi isuse inkinga yokujikeleza okukhulunywe ngenhla, ngakho-ke izinsimbi ze-flange zizothatha indawo kancane kancane ukusetshenziswa kwama-gaskets.
3. Indima yokulayisha kuqala
Uma ukhetha aibhawodi namantongomaneuxhumano, udinga ukusebenzisa amandla e-torsion ukuze ufinyelele ukukhiya ngethuluzi le-torque noma i-wrench manual, futhi i-torque izogcina iguqulwa ibe ukulayisha kuqala okudingekayo yingxenye yokuxhuma, amandla athile okulayisha kuqala angaqinisekisa ukuthi ukumelana okuhlangene kokudlidliza nokukhathala, ezinhlelweni eziningi, ukuphakama kokulayisha kuqala, kungcono.
Ukuchaza kanjani ukulayisha kuqala?Uma uqinisa ibhawodi noma inati, kuba khona ukungezwani phakathi kwekhanda lebhawodi nekhanda lenati. Njengalapho welula isiphethu, isiphethu sihlala sizama ukubuyela esimweni saso esivamile. Ibhawodi eleluliwe liphinde lizame ukubuyela kubude balo bangempela ukuze likhulule ukushuba, ngakho-ke kukhona amandla okucindezela noma okucindezela, adonsa ibhawodi namantongomane abheke komunye nomunye.Bese uhlanganisa inhlanganisela.
4. Fingqa
Ngesethulo esingenhla, siyaqonda ukuthi i-torque kufanele isetshenziswe ekhanda le-bolt noma i-nati lapho iqiniswa kanye nesimo esihambisanayo, indima ye-washer kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-fastener ye-flange, indlela yokuqinisekisa amandla okuqinisa ngaphambilini adingekayo ukuze kufakwe.