Amabhawodi anagesi adiphu ashisayo: Abanakekeli abangabonakali bemishini yezimboni

Ohlelweni lwesimanje lokukhiqiza izimboni, iibhawodinjengoxhumano lwemishini oluyisisekelo, ukusebenza kwalo kuthinta ngokuqondile ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwalo lonke uhlelo lwemishini.Nakuba amabholothi ensimbi yensimbi yendabuko egqwala ngenani elingu-0.03-0.15mm ngonyaka ezindaweni ezinomswakama, amabhawodi afaka uthango ashisayo abonisa ukuqina okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokhahlo njengamathuluzi amakhemikhali, amapulatifomu angasogwini, kanye nemibhoshongo yokudlulisela enezici zayo eziyingqayizivele zokuvikela.Le nqubo yokwelashwa okungaphezulu ayigcini nje ngokunweba impilo yesevisi yezinsimbi, kodwa futhi idlala indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wokuphepha kwezimboni.

1. Ukuphumelela okusha ekuvikelweni kwensimbi

Enqubweni eshisayo ye-dip galvanizing, izingxenye zensimbi zicwiliswa oketshezini lwe-zinc oluncibilikisiwe ku-450 ℃, futhi izakhiwo zokuzivikela ezinezingqimba eziningi zakhiwa ngokusabela kwe-iron-zinc alloy.Ugqinsi longqimba lwezinc oluhlanzekile olwakhiwe phezulu lungafinyelela ku-60-80μm, ludlule kude u-5-15μm wokugaya ugesi.Lesi sakhiwo esiboshelwe nge-metallurgically senza ukuba ukunamathela kube nokunamathela okungu-4000-6000psi futhi ngeke kwehla noma ngabe ukungqubuzana kwendawo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwebhawodi.Indlela yokuvikela i-anode yomhlatshelo ye-zinc iyaqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza ekujikeni okonakele, idla ngokukhethekile i-zinc ngokugqwala kwe-electrochemical, futhi ilibazise ngempumelelo inqubo yokugqwala kwensimbi ye-matrix.

Ephrojekthini yokwakhiwa kwebhuloho eliwela ulwandle, amabhawodi ajwayelekile abonakala ngokugqwala okubomvu endaweni ye-Marine atmosphere izinyanga ezingu-6, kuyilapho amabhawodi afaka uthayela ashisayo ahlala eqinile iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo.Lo mphumela wokuvikela ubalulekile futhi emkhathini wezimboni onesibabule, futhi ukumelana nongqimba lwezinki olucwilisiwe olushisayo ku-H2S, SO2 namanye amagesi agqwalayo kungaphezu kokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3 kune-coating evamile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-dacromet coating, i-hot-dip galvanizing inezinzuzo ezisobala ekumelaneni nokulimala komshini.Amandla e-torque shear akhiqizwa amabhawodi ngesikhathi sokufakwa adala imifantu emincane embotsheni ye-dacromet, kuyilapho ungqimba olushisayo lwe-hot-dip galvanizing luhlala lunjalo ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo zokuhlanganisa i-metallurgical.Ngaphansi kwezimo zokudlidliza, impilo yokuvikela yamabhawodi ama-galvanized ashisayo ingafinyelela izikhathi ezi-2-3 kunezokwelashwa kwe-dacromet.

2. Isiqinisekiso esiphindwe kabili sokuphepha kwesakhiwo

Izakhiwo zemishini zamabhawodi ezithuthukisiwe ngokufaka uthayela we-hot-dip zidlule obekulindelekile.Ukwakheka kongqimba lwe-zinc-iron alloy kwandisa ubulukhuni bobuso bufike ku-250-300HV, okulingana izikhathi ezingu-1.5 ubulukhuni be-substrate.Ohlolweni lokudlidliza oluguquguqukayo lwamabhawodi esicaciso we-M24, ukwelashwa kokufakwa uthayela okushisayo kuthuthukise ukusebenza okunqanda ukuxega cishe ngo-30%, ngenxa yokwenziwa kahle kwe-coefficient ye-coefficient of the coating.Ibanga le-coefficient ye-friction lesendlalelo esikhiqiza i-galvanizing ngu-0.06-0.10, okwenza isilawuli sokulayisha kuqala sinembe kakhulu futhi sithembeke.

Ukusebenza kuvelele ikakhulukazi endaweni yokushisa ephezulu.Lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lifinyelela ku-300 ℃, ungqimba olushisayo lwe-dip galvanizing luqala ukusakazeka okuqinile futhi kancane kancane luguquke lube isakhiwo esiminyene se-alloy.Iyunithi ye-catalytic cracking yebhizinisi le-petrochemical elisetshenziswayohot-dip amabhawodi othayela. Ngemuva kwamahora angu-30,000 okusebenza okuqhubekayo ku-380 ℃, izinga lokugcinwa kwetorque lisengaphezu kuka-85%, elingaphezulu kakhulu kwezinga lokugcinwa kwamabhawudi angu-50%.

Ukusebenza kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo owedlulele kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwayo.Isivivinyo sokuhlanganisa ukukhathala kwesifutho sikasawoti samabhawodi anamandla angu-10.9 sibonisa ukuthi impilo yokukhathala ye-hot-dip galvanizing inwetshwa ngama-40%.Ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic kongqimba lwe-zinc kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuqaliswa kokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi, okubonisa izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele endaweni yomthwalo oshukumisayo.

3. Ukusebenza kahle kwenguquko yokugcinwa kwezimboni

Ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko zomjikelezo wempilo egcwele kubonisa ukuthi ukucwebezelisa idiphu eshisayo kwenyusa izindleko zokuqala ngo-15% -20%, kodwa kunweba imijikelezo yokunakekela isuka eminyakeni emi-2 iye ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10.Ngemuva kokuthi amabhawodi oxhumano lwamashubhu epulazi lomoya eguqulelwe ekubeni yi-hot-dip galvanizing, izindleko zonyaka zokulungisa zehliswa ngo-70%, futhi izindleko zokuliphakamisa ezongiwe esikhathini sempilo yesevisi yeminyaka engu-20 zaba ngaphezu kokuphindwe ka-5 kunotshalomali lokuqala.Le nzuzo yezindleko ibaluleke kakhulu kwingqalasizinda enkulu.

Izinzuzo zemvelo azinakuzitshwa nazo.Izinga lokusebenzisa i-zinc lenqubo yokugcoba idiphu elishisayo lingaphezu kwama-98%, elingaphezulu kakhulu kuka-60% we-dacromet enamathelayo.Ukwelashwa okungenazo i-Chromium kugwema ukungcoliswa kwensimbi enzima, futhi amasistimu okubuyisela umhwamuko we-zinc agcina ukukhishwa okungaphansi kuka-5mg/m³.Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuyo yonke inqubo kuphansi ngama-30% kunaleyo yokufafaza ngempushana, okuhambisana nokuthuthuka kokukhiqizwa kohlaza.

Emkhakheni wamandla amasha, ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwebakaki le-photovoltaic lusebenzisa amabhothi anama-galvanized ashisayo, asikho isidingo sokuwashintsha ngesikhathi sewaranti yeminyaka engu-25.Idatha yokuqhathanisa yephrojekthi ye-offshore photovoltaic ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokubola lonyaka lesistimu yokusekela kusetshenziswa izibophelelo zamathantshi ashisayo yi-0.5% kuphela, okuthembeke kakhulu ngo-50% kunendlela yokwelapha yendabuko.

Inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bezimboni ivamise ukubonakala ekusungulweni kwezingxenye eziyisisekelo.Ngokuthuthuka kobunjiniyela bokusebenza kwendawo, izinga lokuvikela lezinsimbi ezijwayelekile likhushulelwe endaweni entsha.Lokhu okusha kwezobuchwepheshe akuxazululi kuphela inkinga yokuhluleka kokugqwala kwendabukoamabhawodi, kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yezimboni isikhathi eside kanye nesiqondiso esingenakulungiswa.Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokuthembeka kwemishini yokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka amalahle ashisayo-dip ngokuqinisekile buzobonisa inani labo elingenakushintshwa ezindaweni ezibalulekile.