Isinyathelo esibucayi kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amabhawodi anamandla aphezulu

Amabanga aphezulu webhawodi akhiqizwe yifekthri yethu ahlanganisa imetric 8.8, 10.9, 12.9, ASTM standardI-UNC Gr5, 8 amabanga. Amantongomane anamandla ahlanganisa amamaki e-metric 8 kanye ne-10, kanye ne-ANSI yebanga lesi-5 ne-G8 elijwayelekile, konke okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushisa.

Ukucisha kanye nokushisa kusho inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izici zemishini ezibanzi zezinto zensimbi. Ngemva kokucisha, iphathwa ngendlela yokushisa eshisa kakhulu. Inhloso ukufeza inhlanganisela enhle yamandla nokuqina ezingxenyeni zensimbi, kokubili amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuhle kakhulu, ipulasitiki, ukusebenza kokusika, njll. Ezinye izinsimbi ze-alloy noma izinsimbi ezine-alloy eziphansi kufanele zicinywe futhi zifudumale ukuze zithole izici ezinhle eziphelele, futhi lezi zinsimbi zingabuye zibizwe ngokuthi izinsimbi ezicishiwe nezithambile. Ngemuva kokucisha nokwelashwa, insimbi ye-ductile ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa amandla, kodwa futhi ithuthukise ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka.

isingeniso esifushane
Ukwelashwa kokucisha nokushisa kubhekisela endleleni yokwelapha ukushisa okumbaxambili yokucisha kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okuhloswe ngalo ukwenza ucezu lokusebenza lube nezakhiwo ezinhle eziphelele zemishini. Ukushisa okuphezulu kokushisa kubhekisela ekushiseni okuphakathi kuka-500-650 ℃. Izingxenye eziningi ezicishiwe neziqinile zisebenza ngaphansi kwemithwalo emikhulu eguquguqukayo, ephethe imiphumela yokushuba, ukucindezelwa, ukugoba, i-torsion, noma ukugunda. Ezinye izindawo zibuye zibe nokungqubuzana, okudinga ukumelana nokugqoka okuthile, nokunye. Ngamafuphi, izingxenye zisebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyinhlanganisela ehlukahlukene. Lezi zinhlobo zezingxenye ngokuyinhloko ziyizingxenye zesakhiwo semishini ehlukahlukene kanye nezinqubo, njengemigodi, izinduku zokuxhuma, amabhawodi, amagiya, njll. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zokukhiqiza ezifana namathuluzi emishini, izimoto, nogandaganda. Ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezinkulu ekwenziweni kwemishini esindayo, ukwelashwa kokucisha kanye nokushisa kusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokushisa kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni ukushisa. Izidingo zokusebenza zezingxenye ezicishiwe nezipholile emikhiqizweni eyimishini ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zazo zokucindezeleka. Ngokuvamile, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezicishiwe nezithambile kufanele zibe nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, okungukuthi, inhlanganisela efanelekile yamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside kwezingxenye.
Izinyathelo nezimiso
Ukucisha kuyisinyathelo sokuqala, futhi izinga lokushisa lokushisa lincike ekubunjweni kwensimbi. I-medium quenching ikhethiwe ngokusekelwe kwikhono eliqinile lensimbi kanye nobukhulu bengxenye yensimbi. Ngemva kokucisha, insimbi inokucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi futhi i-brittle kakhulu. Ukunciphisa kuyadingeka ukuqeda ukucindezeleka, ukwandisa ukuqina, nokulungisa amandla. I-Tempering iyinqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yokumisa izakhiwo zemishini yensimbi ecishiwe nepholile. Ijika lezakhiwo zensimbi ezehlukene ezishintsha ngezinga lokushisa elishisayo, elaziwa nangokuthi ijika elishisayo lensimbi, lingasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokukhetha izinga lokushisa elishisayo. Ukuze uthole ukushisa okuphezulu kokushisa kwe-alloy ethile ecishiwe futhi epholile, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvimbela ukuvela kohlobo lwesibili lwe-temering brittleness ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwensimbi.
isicelo
Ukwelashwa kokucisha nokushisa kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo ezidinga ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu okubanzi, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni ngaphansi kwemithwalo eshintshanayo, njengamashafu ezimoto namagiya, ama-turbine shafts nama-compressor discs ezinjini zendiza, njll. Izingxenye zensimbi zesakhiwo ezidinga ukucishwa kokushisisa kokungeniswa ngokuvamile ziyacishwa futhi zithukutheliswe ukuze kucishwe umfaniswano ongaphezulu, okuzuzisayo kanye nokucisha indawo encane. ungqimba futhi ingaphinda ifinyelele izici ezinhle eziphelele zemishini kumongo. Izingxenye ze-nitrided ezithola ukwelashwa kokucisha nokushisa ngaphambi kwe-nitriding zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwensimbi futhi zilungiselele isakhiwo se-nitriding. Ukuze kuzuzwe ubushelelezi obuphezulu bethuluzi lokulinganisa ngaphambi kokucisha, susa ukucindezeleka okubangelwa umshini onzima, unciphise ukuguqulwa kokucisha, futhi wenze ubulukhuni ngemva kokucima okuphezulu nokufana, ukwelashwa kokucisha kanye nokushisa kungenziwa ngaphambi kokwenza imishini ngokunemba. Okwezinsimbi zamathuluzi ezinama-carbides enethiwekhi noma okusanhlamvu okumahhadla ngemva kokufojiswa, ukucisha kanye nokwelashwa okufudumalayo kungasetshenziswa ukuqeda inethiwekhi ye-carbide, ukucwenga okusanhlamvu, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokwenza i-spheroidizing ama-carbides, ukulungiselela i-microstructure yokwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina.
Ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe
Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi ihlanganisa izindlela ezifana nokuthungatha, ukujwayela, ukucisha, ukufudumeza, nokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, ukufudumala kuhlanganisa ukushisa okuphezulu, ukushisa okuphakathi, kanye
Izinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ukushisa kabusha insimbi ecishiwe ifike ezingeni elithile lokushisa bese ukuyipholisa usebenzisa indlela ethile kubizwa ngokuthi i-temering. Inhloso ukuqeda ingcindezi yangaphakathi edalwa ukucisha, ukunciphisa ubulukhuni kanye nokuqina, futhi kuzuzwe okulindelekile.

izakhiwo zemishini.
Ukucisha kanye nokushisa kuvame ukusho inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa yokucisha kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kutholwe i-martensite epholile. Indlela iwukucisha kuqala, ngezinga lokushisa lokucisha le-Ac3+30-50 ℃ lensimbi ye-hypoeutectoid; Insimbi ye-Eutectoid yi-Ac1+30~50 ℃; Insimbi ye-alloy ingathuthuka kancane uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi ye-carbon. Ngemva kokucisha, ukushisa kungenziwa ku-500-650 ℃.
Insimbi ecishiwe futhi eqinile
Insimbi ebizwa nge-quenched and tempered steel ngokuvamile ibhekisela ku-medium carbon steel enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engu-0.3-0.6%. Izingxenye ezenziwe ngalolu hlobo lwensimbi ngokuvamile zidinga izici ezinhle zemishini ezihlanganisayo, okungukuthi, ukugcina amandla aphezulu kuyilapho zinepulasitiki enhle nokuqina. Abantu bavame ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kokuguquguquka ukuze bafinyelele lo mgomo, ngakho-ke abantu bajwayele ukubiza lolu hlobo lwensimbi njengensimbi ecishiwe nepholile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi insimbi ecishiwe futhi evuthayo ibuye ibhekisele enqubweni yokwengeza i-manganese ne-silicon ngesikhathi sokuncibilika kwensimbi, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe umehluko.

I-Ningbo Zhongli bolts yokukhiqiza i-co.ltd inemishini yayo yokwelapha ukushisa esivumela ukuthi silawule ikhwalithi ngokwethu, enobungani kakhulu kumakhasimende anezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, sizohlola ubulukhuni, amandla aqinile, nokwelulwa kweamabhawodi namantongomaneSinelabhorethri yethu yokuhlola. Sikhiqiza ikakhulukazi ama-GB, i-DIN, ama-ASTM amabhawodi namantongomane aphezulu. Kubandakanya amabhawodi angamahexagonal GB5782/5783, DIN931/933,DIN912,DIN6914,EN14399, A325,A193 B7,2H NUTS, Hexagonal nutI-DIN934, DIN6915,A563, Iphedi eliyisicaba DIN125, DIN6916,F436.